Mafasteners anoshandiswa zvakanyanya muminda yakawanda senge indasitiri, kuvaka, uye kugadzira michina. Kuziva mashandisiro ezvisungo izvi zvinobudirira chikamu chakakosha chekuona kunaka uye kuchengetedzeka kweprojekiti. Rumwe ruzivo rwakakosha nezve mashandisirwo emafasteners:
Marudzi emhando uye zviyero zve fasteners
Bolts (DIN 931, 933): Inowanzo shandiswa pakubatanidza michina uye kugadzirisa kwezvikamu zvemaitiro. DIN 931 ibhoti ine hafu-yakapetwa, nepo DIN 933 iri bhaudhi rine tambo yakazara.
Nuts (DIN 934): Inowanzo shandiswa hexagonal nzungu, inoshandiswa nemabhaudhi.
Washers (DIN 125, 9021): Flat washers inoshandiswa kuparadzira kudzvinyirirwa kwemabhoti kana nuts kudzivirira kukanganisa kune yakasungirirwa pamusoro.
Self-tapping screws (DIN 7981): Inoshandiswa kune yakatetepa plate yekubatanidza pasina pre-kuchera.
Spring washers (DIN 127): Inoshandiswa kudzivirira nzungu kana mabhaudhi kuti asasununguke pasi pekudengenyeka kana mitoro ine simba.
German standard fastener zvinhu uye mamakisi
Carbon simbi: inowanzoshandiswa kune zvakajairika, yakaderera kabhoni simbi yakakodzera kune yakaderera-simba maapplication, uye yepakati uye yakakwirira kabhoni simbi inokodzera maapplication ane yakakwirira simba zvinodiwa.
Alloy simbi: yakakwirira-simba application mamiriro, akadai sekuvaka, mabhiriji nekugadzira michina. Simba rayo rinowanzoratidzwa mumakiredhi e8.8, 10.9, uye 12.9.
Simbi isina simbi (A2, A4): A2 inoshandiswa kunharaunda dzisingaite kukoromoka, uye A4 inoshandiswa kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzinoda kukoromoka (zvakadai senzvimbo dzemugungwa nemakemikari).
Galvanizing: Carbon steel kana alloy steel fasteners anoiswa galvanized (akaiswa magetsi kana kupisa-dip galvanized) kuti awedzere kusaita ngura uye anokodzera nzvimbo dzekunze kana dzine hunyoro.
Nzvimbo dzekushandisa
Kuvaka: Mafasteners anoshandiswa kune zvivakwa zvesimbi, formwork yekubatanidza mukudururira kongiri, scaffolding uye kugadzirisa michina yekuvaka. Inoshandiswa kugadzirisa njanji dzeelevator kumadziro shaft yekusimudza, kubatana pakati penjanji nenjanji mabhureki, uye rubatsiro rwekusimbisa rwemabhuraketi emakoramu uye mabheji akagadziriswa. High-simba mabhoti (akadai segiredhi 10.9) uye inopisa-dip galvanized bolts inowanzoshandiswa.
Mechanical kugadzira: Mumichina yemuchina, DIN 933 mabhaudhi uye DIN 934 nzungu ndiwo anonyanya kusanganiswa, anoshandiswa neakachena washer uyemaspring washerskuve nechokwadi kugadzikana uye kusimba kwekubatana.
Indasitiri yemotokari: High-simba alloy steel fasteners senge DIN 912 (hexagon socket bolts) inowanzoshandiswa mukugadzira motokari, kunyanya muzvikamu zvinoda simba guru uye kusagadzikana kwekudengenyeka.
Midziyo yemumba nemidziyo yemagetsi: Zvibatiso zvidiki zvakaita seDIN 7981 (self-tapping screws) zvinoshandiswa kugadzirisa simbi mashizha kana zvikamu zvepurasitiki pasina pre-drilling.
Kusarudza uye kuiswa kwakarurama
Simba rekuenzanisa: Sarudza iyo yakakodzera giredhi resimba zvinoenderana nechaiyo application. Semuenzaniso, 8.8 giredhi mabhaudhi anoshandiswa kune maapplication ane epakati simba zvinodiwa, uye 12.9 giredhi inoshandiswa kune yakakwirira simba uye yakakosha kubatana.
Anti-kusunungura matanho: Mukuzunguzika kana kusimba kwemutoro nharaunda, shandisa mawachi echirimo (DIN 127), naironi anokiya nzungu kana shinda yemvura inokiya kudzivirira nzungu kuti dzisasununguke.
Anti-corrosion matanho: Munzvimbo dzekunze kana dzine hunyoro, galvanized kana Stainless steel fasteners zvinofarirwa kuwedzera hupenyu hwesevhisi.
Installation torque control
Torque yakatarwa: Panguva yekuisa, mabhaudhi anofanirwa kusimbiswa zvakanyanya zvichienderana neiyo torque yakatarwa kudzivirira kukuvadzwa kweshinda nekuda kwekuwedzera-kusimba kana kutadza kwekubatanidza nekuda kwekunyanya kusunungura.
Kushandisa torque wrench: Mukubatanidza kwakakosha, chipanera che torque chinofanirwa kushandiswa kuve nechokwadi chekuti torque yakashandiswa iri mukati mezvinodiwa zvekugadzira, kunyanya mukuiswa kwemabhaudhi akasimba.
Kuchengetedza uye kuongorora
Kugara uchiongorora: Gara uchiongorora makiyi ekusungirira, kunyanya kana uchishanda mukudedera kwakanyanya, kuremerwa uye tembiricha nharaunda, kuti uone kuti zvisungo hazvina kusununguka, marara kana kusakara.
Replacement cycle: Zvinoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu uye mashandisiro ezvisungo, isa inonzwisisika yekutsiva kutenderera kudzivirira kutadza kunokonzerwa nekuneta kana ngura.
Kutevedzwa nezviyero nemirau
Kutevedza zviyero zveGerman: Muzvirongwa zvepasi rose, kunyanya izvo zvinosanganisira kutengesa kunze kwenyika kana kudyidzana nedzimwe nyika, zvakakosha kutevedzera zviyero zveDIN. Ita shuwa kuti zvisungo zvinosangana zvinoenderana neGerman zviyero (zvakadai seDIN EN ISO 898-1: Mechanical properties standard yezvisungo).
Certification uye ongororo yemhando: Ita shuwa kuti izvo zvakatengwa zvinosungirirwa zvinopasa chitupa chinodiwa uye yemhando yekuongorora (senge ISO certification) kuona kuti mhando yechigadzirwa inosangana nezvinodiwa.
Kuburikidza nekunzwisisa kwakadzama uye kushandisa zvine musoro kweGerman standard fastener ruzivo, kuchengetedzeka, kuvimbika uye kusimba kwepurojekiti inogona kuvandudzwa zvakanyanya.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-10-2024